ABSTRACT
Aims: To ascertain the hematinic potential and bioactive compounds in Gossypium barbadense. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, and Department of Applied Science, College of Science and Technology, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria between February, 2013 and July, 2014. Methodology: Forty eight (48) apparently healthy albino rats weighing (150-200g) were grouped in to seven groups of five rats each. Thirteen rats were used for the G. barbadense toxicity test. Hemolytic anemia was induced using Phenylhydrazine (10mg/kg bw). Different doses (100mg/ml, 200mg/ml, and 400mg/ml) of G. barbadense were administered with periodic evaluation of Haematological indices (Hemoglobin concentration, Packed Cell Volume, Red Blood Cells and reticulocyte count). Bioferon (0.23ml/kg b.w) was used as the standard drug. Synergistic Thin layer Chromatography and Column Chromatography were used to purify the plant extract. Gas Chromatography linked with Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) was used in the Characterization of purified fraction. Results: The level of Hb (g/dl) was found to increase in a dose dependent manner (100mg-12.17g/dl, 200mg-12.60g/dl and 400mg-12.87 g/dl), likewise RBC (4.31, 4.41 and 4.72) and PCV (43.35%, 43.49%, 43.65%). Characterization revealed the presence of 19 compounds. Conclusion: G. barbadense resulted in HB, RBC and PCV boost, owing to inherent bioactive component.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To test two water soluble extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) obtained from the leaves of Vitex doniana in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for their effects on pancreatic endocrine tissues and serum marker enzymes for a period of 21 d.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 55 rats divided into 11 groups of 5 rats each were assigned into diabetic and non-diabetic groups and followed by a daily administration of ethanolic and aqueous extracts for 21 d. Group 1 was the normal control while group 7 was treated with standard drug.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The histopathological studies of the diabetic rats indicated increase in the volume density of islets, percent of β-cells and size of islet in the groups that received the plant extracts, which suggested regeneration of β-cells along with β-cells repairs, as compared with the non-treated diabetic control which showed complete degeneration of the islet cells. There was significant reduction (P<0.05) in the serum activities of marker enzymes, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in diabetes treated rats, whereas an insignificant increase (P>0.01) in the serum activities of marker enzymes was observed for non-diabetic treated rats. Results of total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and unconjugated bilirubin showed that diabetic control group was significantly higher (P<0.05) in total bilirubin and unconjugated bilirubin compared with treated groups while non-diabetic treated groups showed no significant increase (P>0.01) in total bilirubin and direct bilirubin compared with the normal control.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This herbal therapy appears to bring about repair/regeneration of the endocrine pancreas and hepatic cells protection in the diabetic rat.</p>